Understanding the Socio-economic and Environmental Determinants of Antimicrobial Resistance

Bhagawati, Rishiraj and Banerji, Abhik and Charani, Esmita and Malghan, Deepak and Lewycka, Sonia and Goel, Srishti and Giri, Ashish and Jejeebhoy, Shireen and Chhotaria, Kashish and Kadlak, Hemangi and Koch, Anastasia and Lall, Ambika and Laxminarayan, Ramanan and Muzata, Danny and Nampoothiri, Vrinda and Nayar, Rashmi and Rao, Neethi and Reddy Umenthala, Srikanth and Samria, Divija and Serrano, Samantha and Shah, Arpit and Shivram, A and Ugargol, Allen and Valavarasu, Swetha and Vaz, Manjulika and Angeline, Nancy G. and Atmavilas, Yamini and Bisen, Tikesh and Goud, B. Ramakrishna and Jamwal, Ankur and Joseph, Merlyn and Sehgal Mukherjee, Arunima and Prasad, Akshatha and Syamala, T. S. and Thangavel, Tamizhoviya Indhoomati and Kaur, Opinder and Batheja, Deepshikha (2026) Understanding the Socio-economic and Environmental Determinants of Antimicrobial Resistance. Public Humanities, 2. ISSN 2977-0173

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Abstract

Abstract Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major global public health threat which disproportionately affects low- and middle-income countries. It intersects with other public health issues including climate change and its impact is compounded by existing socio-economic inequities. In the South Asian setting, persistent gender and caste-based discrimination create differences in infection susceptibility, health-seeking behaviours, accessibility and affordability to essential antibiotics, and quality health care and appropriate diagnosis by healthcare providers, resulting in disparities in healthcare access and outcomes. We report on the deliberations from a cross-disciplinary workshop held in Bengaluru, India, focusing on the Indian context of AMR and its intersections with gender, caste, and climate change—contexts that often apply to the rest of South Asia. The two-day workshop brought together healthcare professionals, public health experts, gender experts, climate experts, researchers, activists, and community members to explore institutional and community-level issues in AMR, gender, caste, and climate change. We also present a conceptual framework to understand how caste-based discrimination influences antibiotic use and AMR in India and other South Asian countries. Finally, we discuss the key recommendations highlighted by the experts to address the gender and caste blind spots in existing data collection methods, surveillance, and policy measures related to AMR.

Item Type:	Article
Authors:	Bhagawati, Rishiraj and Banerji, Abhik and Charani, Esmita and Malghan, Deepak and Lewycka, Sonia and Goel, Srishti and Giri, Ashish and Jejeebhoy, Shireen and Chhotaria, Kashish and Kadlak, Hemangi and Koch, Anastasia and Lall, Ambika and Laxminarayan, Ramanan and Muzata, Danny and Nampoothiri, Vrinda and Nayar, Rashmi and Rao, Neethi and Reddy Umenthala, Srikanth and Samria, Divija and Serrano, Samantha and Shah, Arpit and Shivram, A and Ugargol, Allen and Valavarasu, Swetha and Vaz, Manjulika and Angeline, Nancy G. and Atmavilas, Yamini and Bisen, Tikesh and Goud, B. Ramakrishna and Jamwal, Ankur and Joseph, Merlyn and Sehgal Mukherjee, Arunima and Prasad, Akshatha and Syamala, T. S. and Thangavel, Tamizhoviya Indhoomati and Kaur, Opinder and Batheja, Deepshikha
Document Language:	Language English
Uncontrolled Keywords:	antimicrobial resistance, caste, climate change, gender, low- and middle-income countries
Subjects:	Social sciences > Sociology & anthropology > Groups of people > People by social and economic levels > General principles of social classes > Principles of stratification > Caste systems Social sciences > Groups of people > People by social and economic levels > General principles of social classes > Principles of stratification > Caste systems Public Health
Divisions:	Azim Premji University - Bengaluru > School of Climate Change and Sustainability
Full Text Status:	Public
URI:	http://publications.azimpremjiuniversity.edu.in/id/eprint/7901
Publisher URL:	https://doi.org/10.1017/pub.2025.10101

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