Testing the novel weapons hypothesis of the Argentine Ant Venom on Amphibians

Llopart, J. P. and Alvarez-Blanco, P. and Moreira-Demarco, L. and Bang, Alok and Angulo, E. and Maneyro, R. (2023) Testing the novel weapons hypothesis of the Argentine Ant Venom on Amphibians. Toxins. pp. 1-13.

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Abstract

The globally invasive Argentine ant (Linepithema humile) possesses a venom lethal to some amphibian species in the invaded range. To test the novel weapons hypothesis (NWH), the effects of the toxin on the cohabiting amphibian species in the ant’s native range need to be investigated. The invader should benefit from the novel chemical in the invaded range, because the species are not adapted, but the venom should not be effective in the native range. We explore the venom effects on juveniles of three amphibian species with different degrees of myrmecophagy inhabiting the ant’s native range: Rhinella arenarum, Odontophrynus americanus, and Boana pulchella. We exposed the amphibians to the ant venom, determined the toxic dose, and evaluated the short- (10 min to 24 h) and medium-term (14 days) effects. All amphibian species were affected by the venom independently of myrmecophagy. In addition to amphibian sensitivity, we discuss how the differential Argentine ant abundance and density in the two ranges could be the key to the susceptibility of amphibians to the venom, resulting in the possibility of NWH. Our results confirm the potential magnitude of the impact of the Argentine ant in successfully invaded areas for the conservation of already threatened amphibians.

Item Type:	Article
Authors:	Llopart, J. P. and Alvarez-Blanco, P. and Moreira-Demarco, L. and Bang, Alok and Angulo, E. and Maneyro, R.
Document Language:	Language English
Uncontrolled Keywords:	chemical weapon; invasive species; Linepithema humile; predator-prey relationships; toxic dose; amphibian decline; iridomyrmecin
Subjects:	Natural Sciences > Life sciences; biology > Ecology
Divisions:	Azim Premji University - Bengaluru > School of Arts and Sciences
Full Text Status:	Public
Related URLs:	Publisher
URI:	http://publications.azimpremjiuniversity.edu.in/id/eprint/4671
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